A reminder of all you need to know about fire-fighting in less than 2 minutes, isn’t that awesome?

In the past few hours  of 2017, there has been various prophecies from Men of God  all over social media. As I scanned through, I saw a common thread of emergencies: road accidents, building collapse, fire outbreak, kidnap and natural disasters. Even if you do not believe in prophecies, I can assure you that it doesn’t hurt to be proactive. In 2016 alone there were too many avoidable accidents and safety incidents across the country.

Today. Take. Responsibility. For. Your. Safety. In. 2017.

Road Safety

As a passenger, if you are not comfortable with your driver’s style of driving, speak up. If he persists, please alight from the vehicle. You’ve got just one life. To comply with regulations and ensure your safety as a driver, you need the following in your vehicle: Warning triangle (C-caution), Fire extinguisher, Jack, Spare tyre, First Aid Kit, Wheel Spanner, Water, Hydraulic, Transmission fluid, Flashlight and Spare fan belt.

Fire Safety

Do you own a fire extinguisher? Do you know how to use one? Is your home safe from  fire? Does you office have a fire safety plan? Do your staff or co-workers know the actions to take in a fire emergency? You need a safety professional to assess your home and workplace in order to come up with a plan that ensures your safety. I’m certain you do not want to lose property to fire in the current economic clime.

Building Collapse

When building, it is important to use sufficient materials and follow due process. But this is not just for contractors and construction workers, our observations as concerned citizens could save lives. Most times, buildings give signs before they collapse. You need to raise alarm when you see these signs:

• weird sounds or see cracks on walls
• water seeping into the foundation
• gap forming between the door and door frame
• cracks near a column
• frames of doors or windows appearing bent or inclined to one side

Natural Disasters

We are in a part of the world that is less prone to natural disasters. However, the environment in different states is beginning to react to our man-made activities. It is therefore important to identify what is more likely to happen in your area and prepare for it. Could it be flood or  an earthquake? Prepare a bag with essentials like flashlight, non-perishable food, clothing, radio, water, water-proof box for documents, money. Keep the bag and a written plan in a safe place. It’s always better to be prepared.

Kidnapping

Teach young children to avoid speaking with strangers. As adults, we also need to be conscious of our environment and exercise caution when speaking about our personal lives in public. There are a variety of personal locator devices that can be made available for individual or official use. Trends like ID cards, wristwatches, shoes are quite efficient at pinpointing ones location without the knowledge of the kidnapper.

Take responsibility for your safety. Have a beautiful and safe 2017.

Image Credit: Google Images

TIPS TO REMEMBER

• Always have a fire extinguisher in your car
• Know the location of your fire extinguisher
• The fire extinguisher should be inspected regularly
• 3 things to look out for during inspection: It should be charged, mounted correctly and unobstructed
• Your exit should be behind you and the fire in front of you
• If you can fight the fire, use the PASS principle
• If you cannot fight the fire, leave the building immediately

Over the past few months, there has been increasing cases of fire incidents leading to injury, destruction of property, loss of life and investment. The incidents happened and escalated for various reasons such as:  lack of knowledge, absence of emergency procedures, absence of firefighting equipment and absence of emergency exits.

Fire is one of the fastest ways to destroy a thing, as such when it occurs, it has to be tackled speedily and efficiently. For a fire to occur, you need 3 key elements:

1) Fuel (anything that can burn)

2) Oxygen

3) Heat (sufficient high temperature)

Based on this, a fire can occur anywhere and at any time. However it is important to mention the fourth element, without which a fire would not occur despite the presence of the other elements.

4) Chemical Reaction

This is the reason we walk around every day without catching fire irrespective of the combustible stuff around us or on us, the free flow of oxygen and the heat. The chemical reaction would only occur or be sustained when one or more of the elements is sufficient to sustain the burn. For example, without sufficient heat, no matter the amount of oxygen or fuel present, the chemical reaction would not occur and a fire won’t start.

CLASSES OF FIRE

Fire can occur at home, at work and on the roads. It is important to know the different classes of fire and the best way to deal with it. Depending on the vicinity of the fire and the attendant risks, you could need a fire blanket (kitchen), Dry Chemical Powder (DCP) extinguisher, CO2 extinguisher or plain old water.

Class A: this refers to fire from ordinary materials that can produce ash like paper, wood, textile, bags. It can be extinguished by using water, non-flammable liquids and appropriate fire extinguishers.

Class B: this refers to fire resulting from flammable liquids and gases such as gasoline, grease, propane.  Do not use water for this class as it would spread the fire. Appropriate extinguishers are useful for this class of fire.

Class C: this is fire from live electrical sources. It could be as a result of an overloaded socket, power surge, faulty wiring etc. Do not use water to avoid electrocution. If possible, cut off the power supply first before attempting to fight the fire. Appropriate extinguisher is useful here.

Class D: this is fire from combustible metals like magnesium, titanium. Appropriate extinguishers can put out this class of fire.

METHODS OF EXTINCTION

A removal of any of the key elements would extinguish the fire. There are 3 major ways to extinguish a fire:

Cooling: this is the removal of heat by reducing the temperature of the burning substance. Water, non-flammable fluids and water fire extinguishers help in this regard.
Smothering: this is the removal of oxygen by reducing the oxygen content of air in that vicinity. This could be achieved with blankets, coats, curtain, covering a container (waste bin with a cover) or specific fire extinguishers.
Starving: this is the removal of fuel. It could either be by removing the fire from the vicinity of combustible materials or removing fuel from the vicinity of the fire.

FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT

The best way to fight a fire is to prevent it. However, because accidents are unplanned, it is important to be prepared by being informed and purchasing relevant equipment. There are various equipment but only the ones suitable for your type of business or scale of operation should be purchased. A personal kitchen might need just a fire blanket or a fire extinguisher while a big hotel’s kitchen would most likely need a sprinkler system. The major firefighting equipment are:

·       Detectors and alarms

·       Fire blanket

·       Fire extinguishers (Dry Chemical Powder, CO2, Foam, Halon, Water Glycol)

·       Sprinkler System

·       Hose reels

ACTIONS TO TAKE

·       Raise alarm (shout for help, trigger the alarm system, call the fire service)

·       Exit building if you’re not competent to fight the fire

·       If you are competent, get the fire extinguisher and follow the PASS principle

·       If you are competent and the fire is beyond your scope (knowledge and materials available), exit the vicinity.

·       Always ensure the bottle is held upright

·       Target the base of the fire to ensure effectiveness

FIRE PREVENTION TIPS

·       Always turn off electrical appliances when not in use

·       All homes and offices should put in place detection and evacuation systems (procedures and training)

·       Report faulty equipment

·       Ensure that only a competent personnel wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) is allowed to repair faulty equipment

·       Turn off gas cylinders when not in use

·       Keep flammable materials properly labelled and away from others

·       Always follow laid down procedures when working with flammable materials